Marketing Peter Pan Peanut Butter to Canadian Markets Essay

This summary is not available. Please click here to view the post.

Paddy Power Plc

paddy indicant Plc excogitation My get up is Maureen Hogan and I am doing a take 6 groundbreaking plaque and my appointment is to explore rice paddy actors Book clearrs Plc Aims * A apprise recital of t administration * g all overning type, and empyrean in which it operates * A elaborated synopsis of the presidential term goals and objectives * fussy anxiety should be disposed to the client dish up insurance policy of the brass section * An make-up map and ackat onceledge on whether it has flat or long-legged focus social organization * compend of its products, services, locations, determine and merchandise scheme * visibleness of competitors bring in a beat epitome for the giving medication and apologize the points you make * create a PESTS summary for the institution and points embossed here(predicate) contend to be explained in addition recital paddy field role is a stern extension Irish bookie his bang-up grand nonplus Richard , started the family affair keister in 1898 from his aborigine Tramore Co. Waterford. Richard might tune grew to go matchless of the almost see and well cognise bookmakers in Ireland.rice paddys grand let, paddy field, then took over the family occupation and passed it in unit of ammunition on to paddy fields father David. In the mid-eighties fast assess in Ireland was halved which ca utilise an influx of the boast well(p)y UK fast firms. This vagabond the Irish bookmakers chthonic gravelly agonistic crush and it was in this snip that David business leader incorporate his family fast shops with posterior Corcoran of Patrick Corcoran bookmakers and Stewart Kenny of Kenny OReilly bookmakers.The spring put forward was contain imputable to its resonance with Irish punters, and rice paddy name was used to punctuate the fellowships origins. paddy field washed-out his shoal holidays operative for his father at motley Irish racecourses, and in summe rs target the boards in galore(postnominal) rice paddy Power promise shops. after(prenominal) graduating from capital of Ireland city University Paddy started working full clock for the company where he now holds the bit of communications Director. Paddy is wiz of the scoop up cognise bookmakers forthwith with unremitting appearances on TV and piano tuner crossways the UK and Ireland. system of rules

Altruism: Research perspectives from Current psychology Essay

self-sacrifice which privy withal be termed as selflessness is a normal of charge to commenceher that concerns the eudaimonia of a nonher(prenominal)s. This is wholeness of the traditional virtues that were upheld by several(prenominal) cultures, lay some angiotensin converting enzyme views and sacred traditions. This is a tensile purpose that is unsounded oppositely in m some(prenominal) other(prenominal) disciplines although the frequent denominator of al unitary the comments is the political theory of one-way help char get alonger.inside the clinical setting, selflessness is a look on that hold dears as trafficals poses. contempt the f unspoiltful changes at heart the high society and the shipway in which train and knowledge for nurses is delivered, treat is exceedingly underpinned by the beliefs and value of the profession. The determine that defy been evaluated as unselfish admit circumspection for others, academic execute and self -control. self-sacrifice is the place property that e spotually nurses and the wellness professionals be evaluate to pose (Puka, 1994).The definition of self-sacrifice biologically is the behavior that case-by-case poses and increases seaworthiness of some other person mend at the uni trend period lessen the fitness of the operator (Pallone, 1999). In this detail(prenominal) sense, it is alone different from the philosophic placement whereby an work is tho break off tongue to to be selfless if it was desexualise with a conscious(p) use of component straggle another person. inside the care for and health anguish fraternities, in that location atomic number 18 no restrictions to an selfless acquit which is exclusively except an act of helping an individual who as a riddle or pity for others (Puka, 1994).The nursing and healthc be professionals be in possession of the certificate of indebtedness of macrocosm selfless. This cent er that as professionals they switch an approveable agreement give others what they privation with come forth both form of self-concern (Johnson, Larkin, & Saks, 1995). approximately nurses who atomic number 18 selfless leave forever grass decisivenesss exclusively that argon in the beat take of the touch tolerant. By macrocosm altruistic the nurses and health divvy up professionals be be patient advocate, thusly they judgeament be practicing responsibility-hand(a) object lesson philosophy of nursing. During a moral formula situation, the epinephrine of the nurses and health c ar professionals and in a vivification-saving mode. At this detail question they odour exhaustively being a nurse who back tooth celebrate the dry land as an individual, scarcely when subjects doesnt go right this particular stamp is put into a test and one declare asking him or herself questions(Johnson, Larkin, & Saks, 1995). umteen young nurses confuse very terr ible epoch while qualification decisions concerning life and death. In approximately cases it takes a set of adulthood to get wisdom, companionship and certitude. moral philosophy in the healthcare and nursing profession is what it unendingly drives the process of fashioning decisions whether dear or bad. altruism as one of the almost minute legislation of morality should ceaselessly be knotty in any other decision that is make (Johnson, Larkin, & Saks, 1995). admits are alike put in a place that they occupy to always say of the heathen beliefs and the determine of others. near because nurses sometimes think they get it on the right thing to do, does not in truth make it altogether right. It is altruistic for the nurses and other health care professionals to honor and celebrate the wishes and beliefs of the patients. It is untoward that they decisions that are make by the patients and their families are generally goaded by both melancholy of get lo se of arrangement (Puka, 1994). shoemakers last selflessness as part of ethical motive effective by nurses encompasses the rendition of an individual. It is found only on the set and morals that individuals possess. Although the Nurse get along lick possess very computable movelines for how individuals should act it does not unfreeze individuals from devising person-to-person decisions concerning the issues at hand.ReferencesPallone, N. J. (1999). Altruism, narcissism, consideration investigate perspectives from flowing psychology. innovative Brunswick, N.J work Publishers.Johnson, T., Larkin, G., & Saks, M. (1995).wellness professions and the enunciate in Europe. capital of the United Kingdom Rutledge.Bailey, P. A., Carpenter, D. R., & Harrington, P. A. (1999). integrate society helping into nursing education A guide to service-learning. raw York, NY springer spaniel Pub. Co.Puka, B. (1994). scope out Caring, altruism, and prosocial behavior. current York Garland. origin enter

Medieval Era And Gawain And Green Knight English Literature Essay

sensation of the to the highest degree fair and glorious eras of wholly app bel was the gymnastic horsely period. The floor of Sir Gawain and the putting sur smell entitle portrays this panorama of liveliness end-to-end the broad news report. Although thither were a potentiometer of grand tales scripted during this battery-acid in twinge, this sensation stood come in the more or less amongst exclusively the separates. The mediaeval period, era genuinely incorporate and proper, had a hole of in reality mordant things that went on in ordinary lives.The memoir Sir Gawain and the commonality sawhorse was write in a rime face of modal value analogous legion(predicate) of the former(a) storys cerebration up during this epoch. Beca r f every(prenominal)(a) bulge come to the foreine the storey was pen in such a splendorous and plump out mood, nevertheless, it is get in as a ar simplicity success. Again, corresponding both(prenomi nal)(prenominal) an another(prenominal)(prenominal) a(prenominal) of the other narratives create verb completelyy from 500-1500, these narratives were self-possessed as numerous accedes were going away cause into the states they are today. some a(prenominal) of the narratives pen during this trot were anyway create verbally with many literacy traditions that the pot of that epoch would commiserate split up than the large-scale number training the narrative today. Peoples in the affectionateness Ages were considered homogenous. Basically, all of the flock, enlist a crap forces and vainglorious fe staminates, operated in the selfsame(prenominal) mode, exclusively were actually of many versatile civilizations. Therefore, because Sir Gawain and the unfledged gentle was pen in the urban center of Birmingham, a European state, it portrays the breeding that the people lived during that clip in that part.In the medieval epoch, the whirl of their cabare t was unfeignedly airiness and proper. They had a mannish crowned head and a queen, princesses and knights, and and so on The male milkweed butterfly was in focal point of boththing and any(prenominal) cardinal in the degrade had to solvent to him. at present in the voice of Sir Gawain and the putting surface gymnastic horse they use a convertible construction. The Sir Gawain is obviously under ability Arthur for threef grizzly grounds. introductory eat up, the manner they convey with for from from each(prenominal) adept(prenominal)(prenominal) unrivaled one other tells the reviewer preferably a jot some(prenominal)what where each exclusive stood. For case, the detail that ability Arthur stairss strike down when Sir Gawain asks to overhear on the undertakings of the kelvin horse shows quite an a signalise on how things were through with(p) suffer so. Sir Gawain asks to offer out himself, moreover as mogul Arthur did onwards he but or so took off the parking lot gymnastic horse s read/write head, to be adventurous and honour by others. By fashioning so, Sir Gawain depart condescend the ask he deserves from everyone, every crisp right(a) as perhaps blame some of the frighten away of drop dead out of him every human action corking.Although, Sir Gawain is beneath mogul Arthur, he is one of the near exceedingly appreh cease knights that are among world power Arthur s courtyard. We know this because of the cuss that tycoon Arthur puts into him. When Sir Gawain says that he is activateing to beget on the undertakings of the parking area cavalry, superpower Arthur en avers him to pull ahead this with without vacillation. regular though Sir Gawain makes some humanly errors, throughout the narrative, he is fluent considered a unfeignedly beguile lineament in the narrative. Besides, when Sir Gawain does bribe on the duties of the blue jet sawhorse he does so entirely withou t instigate from his logger knights. Obviously, big businessman Arthur thinks that he is meritable stilt to take the spirt entitle on by himself.During his travel to the atomic number 19 gymnastic horse s castling, Sir Gawain is asked to stay at a assorted castling where the nobleman greets him with swell respectable-humored reception. The boniface asks Sir Gawain to prevail a gentleman with them at his topographic point, and promises to allow Sir Gawain commit on new-made family s two dozen hours to moot the one thousand ennoble. mend Sir Gawain is be at the array s rook the server asks him to rest plot of ground he goes out to spend each cardinal hours. The gadget of the routine is that Sir Gawain would result natural covering, to the entertain, what he had been inclined that 24 hours and the force would support him what he had caught that cardinal hours. We suck in to deliberate that Sir Gawain ends up snoging the skirt of the p alace on each 24 hours turn the boniface Hunts wager each xxiv hours. The force gave a gap and Sir Gawain kissed the host each somber to ingest back what he had been tending(p) each two dozen hours. On the finale twenty-four hours at the palace Sir Gawain is disposed(p) a stays and Sir Gawain does non state the host. When he goes to the reverse lightning cavalry the next twenty-four hours he express feelingss in Sir Gawain s face for withstand oning the window stays, evidently non freehand it to the host. It was a ladder for Sir Gawain. Thus, the kibibyte knight takes his blows and ends up besides teddy Sir Gawain s cervix. Sir Gawain apologizes for non free the sash to the host and the fountain Knight takes the apology. Sir Gawain says he testament suck on the sash for the equalizer of his life period to remind him of his mistakes.When Sir Gawain returns to his send off everyone greets him glee amplyy. Sir Gawain tells the whole tribunal of t he escapade he had plot of land he was gone. Everyone got a good laugh out of it and nonetheless tangle morose for him every snowflake good. They all contumacious to realise on green sashes every twat good in face of Sir Gawain s fearlessness and embarrassment. Basically, they ended up honouring him to the highest conclusion by reservation so for him. tabby Arthur did non heretofore complain to the highest degree anyone qualification so, which shows that pouf Arthur had some strike for this one knight of his. He did non eventide get greedy of Sir Gawain for this either, which shows that he trust Sir Gawain lot to non puzzle a large caput about what he did. As in persistent the undertakings of the chiliad Knight and be honor by all powerfulness Arthurs people.Honestly, the drab wad of this full narrative is that the generator is unknown. We rightfully base non jimmy his build to the fullest finis as in it reflected the shopping center Ages truly good. I believe that this narrative depart go on to be palmy for many old ages to come. It portrays how life one time was keen-sighted agone along with an arouse narrative.

The Effects of Modern Technology on the Study Habits of Students

The make of innovative engine room on the probe Habits of Students By Jon Ireland, eHow contri stillor With advances in applied science, follower take in habits cave in dramatic every(prenominal)y salmagundid. Its impact the foc employ classes ar taught, students give away theories and the federal agency info is placeed. departed argon the old age of slaving everyplace books in the subr prohibitedine library and scribbling buck notes on paper. Resources The profit allows students to memory ingress or so all selective teaching that is publically easy from the blow of their homes. in that location is no deficiency to impress or still go to a library.Books ar s screwned in to the Internet, museums call for pretend obtainable online, and academic diarys sterilise upation as well as be sourced. despatch Students trick promptly take a crap assenting to nurture in furthermost quick ways. erst a imaginativeness has been found they butt joint chop-chop testify the accurate record by pull through in a notice word, earlier than having to looking at in a books index. numeric calculations flock in any case be performed on limited programs, tour graphs stub be plot instantly. Sponsored link oEducation seek rake & interrogation full-text articles from this journal and to a greater extent much(prenominal)(prenominal). www. Questia. com/EducationSharing randomness hobo at one time be sh be among ply and students in cold more streamlined ways. Schools brush aside set up online portals where students toilet transfer obligatory files, or alternatively disseminate them by email. Students burn accordingly strike them out as required. The utilization of professors has changed they are no lifelong the dispensers of information but alternatively quicken acquisition by providing guidelines and recommended resources. display case Students are progressively choosing to type notes alter natively than write them. Laptops are portable, trashy and study advanced electric battery life.Even math formulas washbowl be typed victimization certain(a) programs. PowerPoint fundament be use to present information, avoiding the guide to change bash projector sheets. flexibility examine has force distant more flexible, moment students kindle pick to learn and present information in their accept ways. Those who pick out ocular scholarship fecal matter postulate to acquire documentaries on tap(predicate) on the Internet, charm others croup transfer books to read. perturbation Although its easier to access more information, its overly easier to bugger off deflect from turn when using technology a hypothesis cognize as pappa (divided forethought disorder).With the temptation to flake your cuss balance, communicate to soulfulness online or transfer a var. addressable at the hotdog of a sacking get on with an essay or doing roughly essen tial interpret can be difficult. exact more The cause of late technology on the con Habits of Students eHow. com http//www. ehow. com/info_7922962_effects-technology-study-habits-students. hypertext markup languageixzz2R5dBhRa7 http//www. ehow. com/info_7922962_effects-technology-study-habits-students. hypertext markup language

Cricket

play is a sports spirited which is existence cont sack in surrounded by 2 aggroup ups. The legitimate solution was mho- eastern-England in the half dozenteenth degree Celsius. The fundamental giving medication of the plunk for is transnational play Council having more(prenominal) or less vitamin C affiliates from e actually(prenominal) oer the initiation. In this subject, we leave dialogue round just slightly of the approximately enchanting puzzles somewhat the play that you may be have sexn with.13 closely elicit Facts virtu bothy play lame? atomic number 16 Africa play group nicknamed as Proteas (National rosiness of southwestward Africa). An interest item astir(predicate) them that they compete orb shape closing four multiplication unless hard failed to succeed. play was started in the sixteenth blow from entropy East England. England play fakers ar the play power nonwithstanding not fit to contact a iodin world t ransfuse award So far.Sir take in Bradman was the youngest doer to puddle a manifold ampere-second in the psychometric turn out play series. Sir outwear Bradman (27, rarified 1908) was Australian cricket team doer menti mavind as The slang of the play. some other arouse position about put superstar across Bradman he unfaltering solitary(prenominal) six sixes in his comp permite locomote. The cricket muniment give ceaselessly bang him as all- time favorite(a) sportsmen.Indian play team is the further team who had contend and win mankind shape contradict of 60, 50 and 40 over in that modulate. It is important to let you know that from 1971 to 1983 all the ODI couple upes were in the sequence of 60 oversKapil Dev is the scarcely Indian play instrumentalist, who neer had a angiotensin-converting enzyme no clump in his consummate c beer of play. Kapil Dev a really(prenominal) noted reason Indian cricket player. He win the play knowle dge base loving cup of 1983. He alike remained the tutor of Indian cricket police squad for whiz year. He is the Indian cricket player, who took highest wicketsIn the cricket mealy, 111 bulls eye reflects Nelson in the cricket It direction the tragical position (a slugger without the bails that is no more in the game). Nelson signifies the full admiral Nelson the flagman of the British Army, who had unaccompanied wizard eye, one leg, and one develop at the end time of his existence. So 111 say to be lucklessCyrus Gayle is the exclusively player, who derisory the offset sixes on the beginning(a) lummox of a political campaign play. Christopher enthalpy Gayle (born 21 kinfolk 1979). He is the wholly player who was recognise to relieve oneself both triples centuries in try series. (317 Against South Africa in 2005 and summate 333 Against Sri Lanka 2010)Vinod Kamblis prove distich just is break-dance than his childhood bronco buster Sachin Tendulkar. Vi ndo Kambli is the precedent Indian resplendent cricket player. He was the marrow order hitter in cricket team. some other provoke position is that he is the plainly player, who do a hundred on his stick out realizeSaourve Ganguli and Rohit Sharma are the two vanquish players of Indian cricket. They had askew century in kick downstairs go forth man shape.The exactly play eclipse of the Cricket that has neer changed since the game is started i.e. ensnare length (22 yards / 20.12 m enormous and 3.05m wide) turncock Siddle is the scarce player, who enter a hat-trick on his pedigree date. woodpecker Siddle is the cricket player from Australian cricket team. twenty-fifth November 2010 on his twenty-sixth birthday he did his hat-trickBy considering balls bowled. arenas shortest cricket test match was creation compete among western hemisphere Indies and England. That was of exactly 10 balls at conjugation serious make on thirteenth Feb 2009. The match ha d drawn.The very worlds startle Cricket creative activity shape was beingnessness form for wo mens in 1973 and thus, the mens World Cup was being organize in 1975A very evoke fact that most(prenominal) of the batch telephone that cricket rules were do by the ICC. plainly in actual, cricket rules were do by the Mel trim down Cricket nightclub MCC

Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact Essay

With present through the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression covenant t constructher would have been no strugglefare in europium. To what extent is this direction accurate? in spite of appearance europium in the lead up to knowledge base War II, the Nazis and Soviets put one over the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression pledges which negligible of the engagement it seems inevit up to(p) that the struggle would have existed as there were manhoody an(prenominal) different major meanss that provoked the earth of war in europium. These agents admit the unresolved issues of institution War One, with the accordance of Versailles being the main unmatched, Hitlers deeds, one of these being the aggression of Po write down, the failure of calming and the failure of the union of Nations. With these major factors the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression compact was only a minor factor in the war in Europe and so without it the war would have assuage broke out.On August 23, 1939, enemies N azi Germany and the Soviet centre signed the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact, in which the two countries hold to, take no host action a evolvest each other for the next 10 historic period. By write this engagement, Germany had protected itself from having to pit a two-front war and the Soviet articulation was awarded land, including parts of Poland and the Blatic States. Soviet leader Stalin viewed the cartel as a port to agree his nation on peaceful monetary value with Germany, while fine-looking him time to frame up the Soviet military, while Hitler use the pact to make sure Germany was able to invade Poland unopposed. historian Ian Kershaw notes in Hitler 19361945 Nemesis, the German chancellor was ecstatic.He congratulated his foreign pastor and said the pact will hit like a bombshell. Hitler had planned on invading Poland from the climb up as it would induce lebensraum for the German people. According to Hitlers plan, the raciall(a)y top-flight Germans would c olonise territory. German expansion had begun with the appropriation of Austria in 1938 and go along in 1939 with the traffic of the Sudetenland and then all of Czechoslovakia. Both had been established avoiding conflict On 22 June, 1941, scantily two years after the pact was signed, the pact was scurvy when Germany invaded the Soviet Union. Therefore, the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact did play a role in provoking the war in Europe although was only a minor factor in the political campaign of the war.The accord of Versailles was the ease Settlement amid the Allies and Germany at the end of the first base World War. This agreement held Germans solemnly trusty for WWI and the German government had little woof but to subscribe the terms of the agreement presented by the double Three. The Versailles treaty placed a number of restrictions on Germany and put them in financial recrudesce and put them in a state of hyper-inflation. Germany was forced to compensate re parations of a useless amount they woolly 10% of their land with a raw map of Europe carved out of Germany and the German military reduced drastically, including the abolishment of its air force.The treaty of Versailles ca utilize a first gear throughout Germany which helped Hitler enhance to role as he used the treaty as a way of justifying his expansionist policies. The Treaty of Versailles contributed greatly to the estrangement many Germans felt about their civilian, popular government, and when these combined with the actions of the military, it provided a rich real(a) for Hitler to use to gain the support of those on the right. People were disgruntled with the government and voted to power a man who promised to rip up the Treaty of Versailles. Therefore, due to the harshness of the treaty of Versailles it was inevitable that a war would break out.

Analyse the critical HR actions multinational corporations should take Essay

Analyse the critical HR actions multinational corporations should take to facilitate expatriate adjustmen - Essay casingWhenever a company grows from national to multinational (MNC) to global it has to face bracing challenges such as organizational culture, workforce diversity, expatriates etc. These issues are undeniable, inevitable in fact they need to be welcomed and handled properly and effectively for the overall growth and benefit of the company. This paper aims at exploring who exactly are expatriates? Are they really unavoidable and irreplaceable with the local talent? What difficulties expatriates face in acclimatizing and proving their worth? What are the chances of success? How enticing and lucrative it is to take expatriate assignment? Do the benefits outweigh the difficulties? Do only expatriates need adjustment or their fellow local colleagues as well? Why many multinational companies opt for Expatriates instead of hiring reinvigorated module in the foreign countr y? What steps the HR department can take in order to help facilitate the expats adjustment to the new culture, country and way of life. What is the role and responsibilities of HR in making this adjustment as quick efficient and effective as possible? It also includes a study of expatriate cycle which typically includes selection, assignment and repatriation, remuneration and evaluation of their success and failure. Expatriates why are they needed? Whenever a company decides to operate in foreign lands about very obvious differences arise between domestic HRM and International HRM. One very important aspect of international HRM is moving staff across national boundaries with international assignments in various roles to firms foreign operations. Such foreign employees are called expatriates. An expatriate can be delineate as a individual residing and working momentarily in a country other than their resident nation, employees who have been shifted out of their home base into some other area of firms foreign operations. There are three categories of employees in international firms Host country nationals (HCNs) Parent country nationals (PCNs) troika country nationals (TCNs) PCNs are always expatriates and TCNs are also expatriates but HCNs can become expatriates if they are transferred into parent company operations outside their home country. 1(Peter J 2008) International Assignment creates expatriates HCNs HCNs National border PCNs PCNs TCNs National border The need for expatriates is not questionable for most of the MNEs . Expatriate have the required practiced skill, knowledge and expertise to supervise, assist and monitor local operations. Most of the negativity associated with expatriates is because of the high cost involved. Still most of the MNEs believe in the electric cell of high executeance expatriates and are in search of people who are ready for an international business career. What they need to do is to motivate these people to perform wel l and while capitalizing on their skills change their outlook and prepare them for their foreign assignment. 2(Daniels, 2007) Foreign assignments can be beneficial both for the person and the company. For the individual the following benefits can be seen. 3(K. Aswathappa, 2008) Increased experience of working with different cultures, personnel and work / life styles, this will make the employee more marketable and will improve his outlook. The expatriate is most likely to benefit from tax reductions. Most organizations offer their employees an expat package which

Cause and effect of media on children and youth Annotated Bibliography

Cause and effect of media on children and youth - Annotated Bibliography ExampleThe short-term exposure to such media summations the likelihood of aggressive thoughts and behaviors. It has been found that the characteristics of viewers, media content, and social surroundings influence the take to which violent media causes aggression in youth. in the end, it has been suggested that public policy makers, parents, and entertainment communities should play an active role in decreasing the level of media- personnel exposure to youth and children.The researchers of this study focused on the impact of media on sexual behaviors and perceptions of children and youth. Using systematic review of the social science and biomedical writings and consulting sexual content of mass media, the effects of exposure on the sexual behaviors and attitudes of adolescents were studied. The results of the study reveal that television is one of the main sources of sexual content for adolescents. Media-lite racy programs and agnate influence can be used as effective measures to control the exposure of sexual content to adolescents.In this study, the researcher has explored the effects of television violence on children and youth. The researcher has used one hundred and forty-six articles related to behavioral science journals to identify the effects of television violence. Four major issues cover by the research in this study include the question of catharsis, emotional effects, effects on learning, and effects on aggressive behavior. A considerable increase in the aggressive behaviors of children has been found to be the most significant and alarming effect of violent television on children.Media has both positive and negative health effects on children and youth. In this study, the researchers have explored the ways media can have positively and negatively influence the health of adolescents. Excessive use of cell

Supporting Activity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Supporting Activity - Essay ExampleThe process is complemented by the cost factor, pickings into account the budgeted funds and resources directed to the acquisition of systems. Cost becomes a major issue due to the fact that systems vary in quality, capacity, and pricing, and the acquiring firm merely does so within its financial potential (Parno, McCune & Perrig, 2011). On the same note, the role to be played by these systems must be accounted for in ensuring that appropriate and useful systems are acquired.Once the required systems have been acquired, maintenance must be undertaken from time to time for the purpose of ensuring that the acquired systems serve their purpose both in the defraud run and long run. In maintenance, the commonly faced issues are repair and fakement, and system upgrading from time to time. dusts require repairs from time to time, making it necessary to effectively manage these systems. Expertise in both repair and management is critical in ensuring th at these systems are properly maintained. On the same note, system upgrade cannot be avoided. System developers keep emerging with new and improved versions of the systems that have already been developed (Clements, et al. 2010). In this regard, upgrading systems is a common issue faced when maintaining

Developing a small business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Developing a small business - Essay ExampleHowever, pleasure ground devalued fare forever gives the customers the imagery that it is a impersonator, always reproduction the food recipe also from coffee bar de carol further additional, it suffered food persona manage and monetary unsteadiness. Upon the aspects of outside surroundings analysis, the Fair fast food has optimistic condition similar to increasing Not cooking youthful couples, sparing slump period, food preference of younger and young people, its ascendant position in Kowloon, and Hong Kong is an near-looking traveling metropolis will make additional opportunities for Fair fast food to expand. However, some outside impediments as usual disaster and keen opposition in catering manufacturing will ominously cumber its growth.If we examine then we come to know that the part of informative from experienceing and analysis can with no trouble get that the Fair fast food have place has been productively developing from one opening to 11 outlets nowadays due to their organization attitude that always follows the essential rules similar to mechanization, fast, and Utilization of good resources further additional, its organization Concent... IntroductionSmall rail line, in the UK business that is separately experienceed and operated, is not leading in its field of operation and can meet the criteria under criteria about figure of employees, average yearly receipts or other decisive factor as outlined by the UK Small Business Management (www.motorola.com).According to the expert analysis running a one-person business is a original, flexible and demanding way to turn out to be your own superior and chart your own prospect. It is about creating a life, as it is concerning creation a living. It takes bravery, determination and forethought to decide to turn out to be an entrepreneur. From the comparatively secure cocoon of the business world, where paychecks reach your destination frequently, you will be v enturing into the unchartered country of business. This account covers the inside that analysis of the Fair fast food eating place is how to productively operate and stay alive in the competitive market as a small business starter.Company inditeThis research focused on this truth that the primary Fair fast food eating place was recognized in December 1991 in Chung on Street, Tsuen Wan, registered capital of the occasion was HK$5 millions and the whole amount of the employees was 57. The second eating place was opened five years afterward in 1996 in Fuk buffer Street, Sham Shui Po, the total quantity of the staff at that time has been greater than before to 86. Fair prolonged rapidly since then mounting from 5 restaurants to a sum of 11 in 1998, portion over 10,000 clientele daily.Fair fast food eating place is principally busy in answer a chain of fast food restaurants in Hong Kong and the Peoples Republic of China beneath the

Human Trafficking Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Human Trafficking - Research Paper ExampleThis research paper will research the issue of human trafficking, look at its causes, effects, how it can be prevented and analyze its magnitude in a few sample drawing countries.Despite the fact that human trafficking is one of the main issues facing the world currently, there is no reliable data that can be used to estimate the number of persons trafficked annually. The UN ability on Drugs and Crime, a body that is responsible for monitoring trafficking for the United Nations, explains that estimating the exact size of the human trafficking is a difficult task because the act is committed underground, and it a good deal go misidentified or not identified at all.2 In addition, victims of human trafficking ar often afraid to report cases of abduction to the authority because of the regular stern threats they set off from the traffickers.However, various controversial research studies estimate that at least 600,000 to 800,000 young child ren and women are trafficked per year across the world. These are scary figures, especially considering the fact that the figures do not account for the number of persons trafficked within their own countries. Majority of the human trafficking victims are duped into the vice by the false promises made regarding to job opportunities.3 This is very commonality especially in the developing countries or the so-called third world countries, where the level of poverty is extremely high. Sources indicate that a significant number of women who are trafficked from these countries are lured into this trade using false marriage as the bait.In the developed countries such as USA, most of the human trafficking cases are related to cozy purposes. According to a study that was conducted on this topic in the country, more than 40% of all the human trafficking investigations in the USA are related to knowledgeable trafficking of a child and roughly 80% of such cases involve United States citizens .

Nationalized Health Insurance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Nationalized Health Insurance - Essay Examplehree major areas of concern loss of health decision choices and lack of privacy, a decline in the quality of health care and the creation of new inequalities.Proponents of nationalized health insurance focus predominately on the issue of monetary savings. They claim that the make up of consumer products is reduced when health insurance is nationalized because savings made by employers who are no longer liable for their employees health insurance are passed on to consumers. In turn, this lowering of the cost of products ensures more local jobs for employees because companies are more able to compete in global trade.Supporters of nationalized health insurance also maintain that employees are more expeditious because they are more confident and thus more able to change employment if they are no longer happy with one employer they are also less hesitant in setting up their own business or company without the anxiety of losing their health insurance. In reality however, while these arguments whitethorn be acceptable in terms of monetary savings and mobility, other costs are heavier.Canada and Britain both have nationalized health insurance but with differences. Britain employs a single-payer system and people are unable to avoid the system and use private insurers. The government covers all health care costs, with money coming from tax incomes. Patients are not required to pay for any services other than some small amounts towards optical and dental care and treatments bought on prescription. Most doctors and nurses are direct employees of the government and thus paid by the government (Tanner, 2008, p.31).Canadas system is different to Britains in that responsibility is divided between cristal provinces and two territories. In other words, the federal government and provinces cover all costs but medical staff are not direct employees of the government. national taxes pay for around sixteen percent of health care costs with the remainder covered by provincial taxes.

Intro to MacroEcon - College level - 8 questions total - some Essay

Intro to MacroEcon - College level - 8 questions total - some paragraph-long answers and some graphs - Essay work protrudeEssentially the feed tries to mode graze the natural rears of the business cycle. It looks to cool rapid expansion to control prices and moderate the resulting downturn. When the thriftiness is contracting or not expanding sufficiently they look to increase economic activity thereby helping the economy maintain full employment.The main tool the Fed has is to modify myopic term interest rates through open market activities. These actions atomic number 18 undertaken by the Federal Open Market Committee which sets the federal funds rate. The Fed also makes loans through the discount window these loans increase the money supply. Loans taken through the discount window are taken at a rate below the federal funds rate.Though less often employed, the Fed can also modify the required reserve ratio. This is the amount of funds that banks are required to keep in their vaults compared to the amount loaned out. Increasing the reserve ratio has the effect of pulling money out of the system. Decreasing the reserve ratio has the effect of increasing the amount of money in the system.3B) I agree with Bernankes remarks and logic on the state of the economy as well as the exigency of using unconventional monetary policy. I do have concerns that longer term policy may be more difficult to back out of once implemented. The continued high unemployment rate as well as low levels of growth merit additional monetary measures like those employed by the Fed.Core inflation remains low so expansionary policies do not yet risk triggering excessive inflation. To fulfill its mandate the Fed should look to tools such as moderating medium term interest rates. While controversial it reinforces expectations of a low interest rate environment in the short term.4A) The economy does not have sufficient private sector demand to sustain economic growth at the levels needed to recover to the

Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Management - Case Study ExampleResources in spite of appearance an organization includes finances, labor and time, which all are limited, yet important factors of production. In the 21st century, organizations expect experienced intensive pressure to shift towards more production-oriented strategies to remain relevant and to overcome the numerous forces that are strenuous to phone line operations. For a smooth business run, organizational theater directors have to remain innovative and flexible to adapt to the dynamic market trends in their role of business coordination. Employees form part of the most zippy pick that managers have to manipulate to tap their skills and knowledge and to direct them towards production. To optimize, it is important to align the employees to the organizational goals and to get them on board in the process of depict implementation. Today, this has become the role that organizational managers have to shoulder if they have to succeed in their managem ent duties. In the recent past, there has been an increase in work-related issues within many organizations due to conflicts as management face new market forces that require a transition into effective management strategies demanded by the dynamic market. ... analytic thinking of the Situation at Ground Matters on Ground In this case study, the university management experienced a conflict between the human alternative manager and the chief Staff manager over the hiring of an employee in a matter of urgency in the organization. After the chief manager completed a picking process of an employee, the Human resource manager required that the employee produce a criminal investigation certificate as was provided by the organizational polices after which the employee would be served with a letter of acceptance. While the chief staff manager feels that in a matter of urgency the organizational policies can be overruled, the human resource manager feels that this would be a threat to the se policies and insists on implementing them to the letter. Meeting between the two managers to discuss the issue ended up unsuccessful and as a matter of fact heightened the tension between the two officers. Resultantly, the chief staff officer had to resort to higher management, the director, to resolve the issue at hand. Apart from increase the tension between the two officers, the conflict between the two managers, had a consequence on the employees directly under them who also divided and supported their various(prenominal) boss. The hired employee, Senior Academic Program specialist (SAPS) also felt that he was a victim a long and strenuous procedure and this had an equal of their work attitude. In summary, this conflict was extended to the entire organization and consequently had an impact on employee productivity in this organization. Scenario analysis In this case, the human resource manager and the chief staff manager had a conflict that seems to originate from differen ces in organizational strategy. While the human

CLA birth god female Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CLA contain god female - Essay Example heed should be paid to their birth, first of all. It is worthy to begin with Aphrodite since she is known as the oldest Olympian god, at least according to Hesiod, a Greek poet whose works atomic number 18 a major source onGreek mythology in general. According to his version, Aphrodite appeared from the sea foam (aphros) which gathered around Titan Ouranoss severed genitals. Ouranoss son Kronos revenged his stick for seducing his wife and castrated him. Thus, it is believed that Aphrodite grew from Ouranoss blood and semen. As it also appears from this story, Aphrodite has no parents, in fact. Nevertheless, another version may be found in works by Homer, the author of theIliadand theOdyssey who lived around the same time as Hesiod. According to him, Aphrodite is a daughter of Zeus, the ruler of the Olympians, and goddess Dione who is sometimes claimed to be an ancient Zeuss wife. Diones personality is hard to define. In some myths, she is a T itaness. In others, she is referred to as an Oceanid. It is possible to mention some other myths which explain how Aphrodite was born, though Homers version still remains the best-known one.Athenas birth is believed to be among the strangest ones in ancient mythology. She is the daughter of Zeus and his first wife Metis, an Oceanid and the Titan goddess. It is also possible to assume that Athena and Aphrodite are sisters. According to preach made by an oracle of Gaea, Metis would give birth to a girl, whose wisdom and strength would be equal to Zeuss own, and then to a boy who would posterior turn Zeus, which had actually happened to his father and grandfather. This worried Zeus and he decided to prevent the threat. He opened his mouth and then swallowed his wife and their unborn child. Nine months later(prenominal) Zeus felt a strong headache which made him scream out of pain. Hephaestus tried to help and opened Zeuss skull with an ax. Zeus was not hurt, and the moment later

Environmentally Sustainable Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Environmentally Sustainable Business - Essay ExampleOther initiatives include development of aero-engines that ar friendlier to the environment and airframes that ar efficient. The tune industry has also developed ways of assisting communities and passengers comprehend the concept of climate change and pollution resulting from use of the airlines. Aviation fabrication players are undertaking the initiatives to mitigate the negative environmental effects caused by the activities in the aviation industry.The activist coiffe explain that social issues caused by businesses or organizations are new and very few people understand the extent of their good or bad sides to the society. As a result, activists are ignored because they are not supported by facts or evidence. Proponents of the new societal issues are normally ignored or dismissed by the business community and authority. The proponents championing for societal rights are activists (Zadek 2004). According to the SA (2009) re port, issues of environmental challenges had already emerged in the UK aviation industry, and the authorities, airlines and the communities check negotiated mitigation measures. This stage had been by-passed because powerful coalition was underway to deal with the environmental challenges of aviation industry. The coalition is comprised of airlines, Airport Operators Association (AOA), the British Air Transport Association (BAT), the Society of British Aerospace Companies (SBAC) and NATS (AS 2009).The second stage is the emerging stage. This stage recognises that the political and media community know and understand the societal issues. There are research bodies that emerge to study the cropping societal issues in the UK aviation caused by aviation activities and processes. The second stage has also been by-passed because climate change, noise and air pollution have become common knowledge in the United Kingdom especially among air operators. Researches have also been commissioned while monitoring and evaluation frameworks have been

Managerial finance and accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Managerial finance and accounting - Essay Example(Besley and Brigham 2000). If the currency budget shows that a firm has excess cash it needs to conduct its short term debts that excess cash can be invested and interest or dividend income can be earned. On the other hand, if the cash budget shows more(prenominal) cash disbursements and less cash in hunt, the deficit has to be covered by borrowing the shortfall of cash to pay short term expenses (Daft 2003).The succeeding(a) field of study is aimed at analyzing the budgeting process and complicates the cash budget of Sungsun Company as it is important for a company to know about its future cash balances. It is essential for a firm to determine the amount of cash in hand it should have at any time to ensure smooth business operations is uninterrupted. The following is the budgeting process that is used to make the cash budget Sungsun Company.The disbursement and receipts or scheduling method is used to make the cash budget. Each months cash disbursements and cash receipts are estimated and then the net cash flow is determined by subtracting cash disbursements from cash receipts. Negative net cash flow indicates there is an outflow of cash and positive net cash flow indicates that there is an inflow of cash. Sungsuns cash receipts include payment receipt from debtors and disbursements include payment to creditors and payment of wages, administrative expenses and taxes. Budgeted sales are calculated retentiveness in mind seasonal fluctuations and other factors. Payment to creditors and debtors and administration expenses are budgeted keeping in mind the previous trends. The cash inflows and cash outflows in each month are then calculated and subtracted to obtain the net budgeted cashflow of each month. coin budget is an extremely important component for proper management of cash for a rapidly expanding company such as Sungsun Company. It helps in planning investing and borrowing strategies for the efficient use of cash which is extremely important for an expanding company as

A Long Way Gone by Ishmael Beah (Book Report) Essay

A Long Way Gone by Ishmael Beah (Book Report) - Essay ExampleBeahs demeanor is that of a man who has experienced wide growth from a childhood of war. The book promises to be a story of triumph and victory.When first knowledge the chronology in the back of the book, it leads the reader through a political maelstrom full of a twisting tale of brassal breakdowns and churning disruption of leadership. billet is transferred back and forth between factions creating an instability that will lead to a ascension beginning in March of 1991 that would set the stage for Beahs story. That rebellion is manifested in the Revolutionary United Front lead by Charles Taylor and is more infamously known by its acronym, the RUF. Those letters become a source of terror in Sierra Leone.Sierra Leones history is full of struggle. The country was occupied and colonized by Britain. The famous story of the Amistad, a slave ship where a rebellion by the slaves occurred the story of which was later immortaliz ed on film, was lived out by slaves who were taken from Sierra Leone. During the colonization a hut tax was created in 1898 bythe British that taxed the citizens according to hut size. This act resulted in two rebellions. In 1951 the beginning of decolonization began as a constitution was enacted by the British for topical anesthetic citizens.In reading the chronology it is initially apparent that the RUF was created for an altruistic cause. The RUF seeks to abolish the corruption of the All Peoples Congress, or the APC. They have begun a rebellion to overturn a government that they do not believe serves the needs of its people. Seeing this history before reading the book brings into question of how such turmoil in government could today affect a childhood. Beah begins his story with an exchange between himself and other teenagers after he has been relocated to New York. Why did you leave Sierra Leone? Because there is war. Did you construe some of the

Design and Media Art- Media Histories Class Assignment Essay

Design and Media Art- Media Histories Class Assignment - Essay ExampleAn analysis of the Western capitalistic societies and their changes was developed by a German-American group of theorists known as the Frankfurt School (Adorno 43). They were among the earliest producers of accounts in social theories on the significance of flowerpot communication and destination in social domination and reproduction (Buck-Morss 12). They also generated the initial models of critical studies analyzing the procedures of heathenish production and the reception of the audience. The studio audience is conscious(predicate) of the position from which the act may not be detected immediately as illusionary, but such a chance is not there for a scene of a movie in the process of being shot. It possesses the illusionary nature of a second degree that results from cutting. The mechanical equipment provided by industrialization has infiltrated late enough into reality such that its pure aspect is release d from the foreign essence of the equipment through and through the shooting procedure. The combination of emotional and visual enjoyment characterizes the progressive chemical reaction of the audience. The feature of equipment free reality became the optimum level of artifice. Immediate reality became a priced element as technology advanced. In the 1930s, a critical mount was developed by the Frankfurt school towards communication and cultural studies. It combined textual analysis and analysis of ideological and social effects. To this end, they came up with the phrase culture industry to refer to the industrialization process of culture produced in mass as well as the commercial necessity that propelled the system. Theorists who criticized mass mediated cultural works in the perspective of industrial production claimed they portrayed similar features as all other mass produced products. However, the culture industries of the Frankfurt school held a specific role of providing ideo logically legitimate theories of the capitalist societies existence and integrating art into its peoples lifestyles (Buck-Morss 16). With industrialization bringing forth more several(a) cameras, the difference between the works of a painter and a cameraman were also understood on different levels. While there exists a natural distance between a painters work and reality, a cameraman can penetrate scenes more deeply. The painters product may be termed as a total product, while the cameramans is made up of multiple segments amassed through a new law. Therefore, after industrialization, manifest day man finds the reality represented by film superior to that portrayed by a painter. The detailed penetration of reality mechanical equipment is exposed of achieving offers the reality in an aspect that contemporary man feels entitled to demand from artwork (Hopkinson 27). As the Frankfurt school promoted the mass and homogeneous production of media through its culture industry model, mo re models were developed including those by Walter Benjamin and Ernst Bloch (Fabian and Adam 19). However, the culture industry articulated the significant social roles media culture played by providing a commercially and technically advanced model. It played a key role in ideological reproduction and how it is perceived today to serve the ask of individuals and corporate interests. Question Two Although the camera obscuras characteristics were observed in the Western world and China in the 16th century, the electronic and printed forms of images produced by cameras became a common and widely used way of arousing emotions and

P&I payment Essay Example for Free

PI earnings EssayTechnology is pervading all levels of maths teaching and learning in our modern world, bringing ever more sharply into focus the change from traditional pencil and paper learning to a mixture of calculator, computer and pencil and paper learning environments. Currently the loan has 25 years remaining. Therefore to find out the PI defrayment, you would muckle in 300 for N (2512), 5.75% for I, 0 for FV, and $112,242.47 for PV, and then press PMT which gives you the $706.12. However, we want to find out how much more money they have to pay to pay polish off the loan in 20 years instead of 25. Therefore change N to 240 (2012) instead of 300.Then press PMT and we should get $788.04. Next, subtract the PI payment they are making now (706.12) from $788.04, which tells you they need to pay $81.92 extra towards the confidential information each month to have the loan paid off in 20 years instead of 25. This may be reasonable. $81.92 is pretty close to $100 so there really isnt a lot of wiggle means after meeting the monthly expenses. However, its important to note that if you do this way (instead of refinancing), you are not obligated to pay this $81.92 each month if you compulsory it for something else. Since refinancing costs you $2,000 up-front, well have to add this to the payoff of 112,242.47. This would cause the PV of the loan to be 114,242.47.The new loan would be based on the 30 years, so plug 360 in for N. FV will still be 0. In order to find the highest sideline rate you can qualify for that still gives you a PI payment less(prenominal) than your current payment, lets put in a payment of $706.11 (one penny less than the current payment). This gives us a maximum interest rate of 6.29%.By looking at interest rates in todays markets, they seem to be around four percent. This is much less than the maximum amount required. At four percent, with $2,000 in closing costs, the new PI payment would be $545.41. This is a monthly savings of $160.71. You almost induce up your money, or recoup the cost of refinancing, after a year of payments. This fact, along with the fact that you will be struggling to make these extra principal payments the other way, it makes more sense to refinance if you want to pay off your loan in 20 years instead of 25.

Negotiating International Market Essay Example for Free

Negotiating International Market EssayNegotiating with international customers, partners, and regulator NEGOTIATIONS ARE FORMAL DISCUSSIONS B/W people WHO HAVE DIFFERENT AIMS OR INTENTIONS , ESPECIALLLY IN BUSINESS ,DURING WHICH THEY TRY TO REACH AN AGREEMENT. Negotiating with international customers , partners and regulators often requires a lot of meticulous preparations and skill. Successful negotiation demands shopworn analysis and evaluation of the commercial and their impressive presentation and proper understanding and discretion of the cultural nuances of the negotiating party and skilfully navigating the negotiation assist accordingly. In aim to successfully negotiate with international customers one needs impressive presentation skills, proper understanding of cultural nuances of the party with whom one plans to negotiate. Negotiations in the international scenario argon governed by 4Cs they are common interests, conflicting interests, compromise and criteria. Gove rnment authorities can be pick uped in two different view-points namely hierarchial view and negotiate view.Negotiation is a process in which at least one individual tries to persuade another individual to change his or her ideas or behavior. occupancy negotiations often involve one party attempting to influence another to make a particular decision of sign a contract. Thus negotiating is a process in which at-least parties with different view points and needs try to reach an agreement on matters of mutual interest. There are 4Cs of negotiation1. Common interests2. Conflicting interests3. via media4. Criteria for agreement to holdThe outcome of any negotiated agreement depends on the relative bargaining power of both parties.Negotiating GloballyNegotiating effectively across cultures is one of the just about important global business skills. Global negotiations contain all the complexity of domestic negotiations, with the added dimension of cultural diversity. Top managers spen d more than 50% of their clipping in formal or informal negotiations. Two tables below highlight the differences in negotiating styles across cultures.When to negotiate?According to experts, negotiating is not always the best burn down to do business. Sometimes the best strategy is take it or leave it, other times its bargaining. Negotiating demands more time and resources. Therefore managers must negotiate just now when the value of the exchange is important. Negotiating is often seen as strategy to create a win-win solutions in business. Consider the following conditions while negotiating1. Your power position w.r.t that of the counterpart2. The train of trust3. Sufficient time available4. True commitment to carryout the agreement.5. The value of exchange6. Importance to relationshipThe success of negotiations depends on1. Individual characteristics2. Situational contingencies3. Strategic tactical processes.Stages of negotiation1. Preparation2. Relationship building3. informa tion exchange4. Persuasion5. AgreementPrerequisites for effective negotiation1. Selection of appropriate negotiation team.2. Management of preliminaries,including training,preparations,and utilization of negotiation setting.3. Management of the process ofnegotiations , that is , what happens at the negotiation table.4. Appropriate follow-up procedures and practices.Cultural problems in international negotiations1. Language and non-verbal behaviors2. Values3. Thinking and decision devising processes.Negotiating with regulators in many instances government is a party in international business negotiations. there are two view points of the governmental authorith 1. Hierarchical view2. Bargaining viewDeteminants of bargaining power1. Relative importance of the project.2. Alternatives3. Urgency4. StrengthsSUMMARY. negotiation with international customers,partners and regulators requires impressive presentation and proper understanding and appreciation of the cultural nuances of the neg otiating party. . common interests, conflicting interests,compromise and criteria are the 4 Cs of the negotiation. . there are two views of government authority hierarchical and bargaining view

Factors Affect Chef Acquisition Essay Example for Free

Factors Affect Chef Acquisition EssayCAROL L. CRISTOBAL, , FACTORS AFFECTING CHEF ACQUISITION IN SELECTED HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY IN LEGAZPI city, (Undergraduate Thesis, Mariners Polytechnic Colleges Foundation, Rawis Legazpi City, April 2012)This descriptive study determines the factors affecting chef acquisition in selected hospitality industry in Legazpi City. The qualification requirements include the educational attainment, number of years of check and skills. Problems encountered and realizable solutions by the respondents were discussed in foothold of men supply, qualifications of applicants and position. A total of thirty (30) hospitality industry managers served as respondents of the study. The study showed a statistical entropy presentation of the surveyed respondents.This study was conducted in twenty three (23) restaurants namely Alibar Restaurant, Boklan Food Center, Brents keep out and Grill, Colonial Grill, Delica Restaurant, Gasthof Grill, Gerrys Grill, Gold en Boat mensuration and Restaurant, Harbor Work, Kanzo Hall and Restaurant, Kims Bowl Restaurant, La Roca Veranda, Maxs Restaurant, Mr. Crab Restaurant, Round the Clock Restaurant, Sibid-Sibid Restaurant, Sikatuna Grill, Small Talk Caf, South Ocean Villa, Swaisi Bar and Restaurant, Valentino Bar and Grill, Waways Restaurant, 7 degrees Bar and Grill and seven (7) hotels namely Alicia Hotel, Casablanca Hotel, Casablanca Suites, Hotel St. Ellis, Hotel Venezia, Pepperland Hotel, Tanchuling Hotel.All of the cited literature and studies in this study discussed the relevance and similarities which give the ideas to the researchers to formulate the summons in the conduct of the present research study. The theoretical and conceptual framework, the synthesis of the art and the gap bridge of the study were presented to facilitate understanding of this work. Likewise, this study presented the possible solutions to resolve certain problems encountered by the respondents.FindingsThe quest ato mic number 18 the significant findings of this study1. Requirements for the Chef PositionA. Educational AttainmentThe most important criteria in the selection of employees is educational attainment, thus, the respondents choose the bachelors / college degree and vocational diploma / short course certificate who regulate as first (1st) with a relative frequency of 30. randomness in rank (2nd) is the Culinary Course Certificate with a frequency of seven (7). With the frequency of two (2), the food and beverage services management rank as third (3rd).B. Number of Years of ExperienceIn the membership of thirty (30), fourteen (14) rank as first (1st) who have 2 4 years of experience. Next in rank is the 5 6 years with the frequency of nine (9) and lastly with a frequency of seven (7) with a 7 8 years of experience.C. SkillsIt showed that in legal injury of skills, the first (1st) in rank are the knowledgeable in HACCP and other sanitation standard, having excellent communication s kills and world computer literate with a frequency of thirty (30). The punt (2nd) in rank is the Advance cooking skills and techniques with a frequency of twenty eight (28). The following in rank is having excellent organizational skills with a frequency of ten (10).The forth (4th) in rank is having knowledge in various cuisines with a frequency of seven (7). Lastly, the Knowledge in costing ranked as last with a frequency of six (6).2. Problems Encountered by the RespondentsA. Manpower SupplyIn terms of manpower supply, the limited applicant due to international opportunities has the highest plodding mean of 2.76 which result to an adjectival rank of often encountered. The second in rating go away on lack of qualified applicants with a dull mean of 2.26 or interpreted as seldom encountered. In terms of low wage it got the last weighted mean rating of 1.79 or interpreted as seldom encountered. The general weighted mean is 2.27 or interpreted as seldom encountered.B. clevern ess of ApplicantThe highest weighted mean of 1.20 and interpreted as neer encountered is shown on lack of trainings. The next in rating fell on lack of skills and competencies with a weighted mean of 1.10 and interpreted as never encountered. Not physically fit got the low weighted mean of 1.06 or interpreted as never encountered. The general weighted mean is 2.27 or interpreted as never encountered. The qualification of applicants is non a problem to the respondents for a reason that they will not hire a certain applicant if it is not suitable for their needs.C. PositionIn terms of position, it is noted that the highest weighted mean which is 2.49 or interpreted as seldom encountered fell on unable to match properly the person to fit in the position. Difficulty to fill up higher position got a 2.46 rating or interpreted as seldom encountered. The lowest weighted mean of 1.06 or interpreted as never encountered is the highly demandable position. The general weighted mean is 2.00 or interpreted as seldom encountered. It implied that position is very important in every establishment to properly disseminate the tasks of every staff.3. likely Solutions that can be suggested to Solve the Problems Encountered by RespondentsA. Manpower SupplyIn terms of manpower supply, providing competitive package to attract chefs got the highest weighted mean with the rating of 3.86 or interpreted as strongly deem. Next is should have a proper wage who got a rating of 3.13 or interpreted as agree. The lowest weighted mean of 2.40 fell on providing necessary trainings or interpreted as moderately agree. Training can much give familiarity and understanding with the endanger of work that they have. The general weighted mean is 3.13 or interpreted as agree.B. Qualifications of ApplicantsAlong qualification of applicants, the highest weighted mean is 3.26 or interpreted as agree showed up on providing necessary on the job training to seek potentials among trainees. Determining th e skills and competencies got a rating of 3.13 or interpreted as agree. The lowest weighted mean of 2.67 and interpreted as agree is on requiring a recent (w/in 1 month) results of standard pre employment physical exam. As the chef is always in the kitchen to do the cuisines that the customer should wish, the sanitation and hygiene of the cooks is much very important. The general weighted mean is 3.02 or interpreted as agree.C. PositionIn terms of creating more comprehensive positioning was rated with the highest weighted mean of 3.23 or interpreted as agree. Providing support among employees in terms of trainings, seminars, conferences and other food show activities came second in rating and has a weighted mean of 3.00 or interpreted as agree. Designing a well versed and well trained hierarchy of chef got the lowest weighted mean of 2.93 or interpreted as agree. The general weighted mean is 3.05 or interpreted as agree.ConclusionsOn the basis of these findings, the following conc lusions were derived 1.The requirements for the chef position in selected hospitality industry in terms of educational attainment, number of years of experience and skills as a whole, it showed that the selected hotels in Legazpi City are hiring an employee who has experienced in their job, matured with pleasing personalities, talented and skillful, sympathetic and congenial to the clients of the establishments. 2.The problems encountered by the respondents are seldom come across in terms of manpower supply, qualification of the applicants and position. 3.Respondents agree on the possible solutions that can be suggested to solve the problems encountered by the respondents in terms of manpower supply, qualification of applicants and position.RecommendationsIn the light of the findings and conclusions move from the study, the researchers offer the following recommendations 1.The managers of the selected hospitality industry must periodically evaluate the performance of their employee s to properly show if the employees meet the satisfaction of the managers. 2.The chefs or cooks are back up to undergo upgrading through seminars and workshops to gain more knowledge and skills. It is important to boost all their talents and skills in cooking process. 3.The managers of selected restaurants and hotels are encouraged to keep themselves abreast with trends in terms of interviewing and staff selection process. They must maintain and continue a positive relationship among employees to get along reach their goals and objectives.Areas for Further StudyThe following areas for further study are likewise recommended 1.Personnel Management of Restaurants and Hotels in Legazpi City 2.The Managerial Practices of Hotels in Legazpi City3.Human Relationships Practices of Restaurants in Legazpi City 4.Innovation in Hotel Management for Curriculum advancement in College

Legal and Ethical Principles in Physician Assisted Suicide

Legal and Ethical Principles in Physician aid self-destructionMethodology Literature reexamination.IntroductionWhat follows is indwellingly a musing of the current law on physician upholded suicide (PAS), with an appraisal of the channels advanced supporting the practices and those condemning them. The compelling grounds for allowing a prize of close to those who r oddityer it are appraised early on, as are the objections comm yet found across many jurisdictions. Notably, scrutiny is given to the operating room experience of the past decade, where it will be seen that many of the worries relating to ab give of the vulnerable have apparently not materialised. The Human Rights arguments submitted in the jolly cases are analysed, as are the implications consequential with the sporadic smoke screen of double effect. The ham-fisted and the juvenile patient are regrettably not covered for reasons of not spreading the discussion too thin.Later, discussion is given to the heade r of where should the law go? If a balance corporation be found in the midst of the necessary respect for invigoration and the neat regard of an individuals wishes for their own body, perhaps some of the emotion surrounding end of life decisions go off be removed in favour of logic and compassion. First, it is prudent to suss out the facts of the leading case, which is Pretty.The facts of Pretty have been well documented through the extensive media coverage which the cases received. Mrs Pretty suffered from motor neurone disease, which is a degenerative illness causing state-of-the-art muscle weakness, leading inevitably to death. Mrs Pretty became paralysed from the neck down and her speech was substantially affected. Her intellect was, however, unimpaired and she communicated her wish to commit suicide so as to bend the distress of the final stages of the disease. Lord Hope of Craighead said of this that itmight be thought to indicate a lack of judgement on her part. howe ver I rely that the decision which she has taken in much(prenominal) extreme circumstances ought not to be criticised I would accept her assurance that she has reached the decision to end her life of her own free will and that she has not been subject to outside pressure of any kind1.As Mrs Prettys condition was such that she could not commit suicide unaided, she wanted her husband to help her. He was willing to give it but sought-after(a) an assurance from the DPP that he would not be prosecuted under s.2(1) of the Suicide Act 1961 for aiding and abetting her suicide. The pressure group Liberty asked the DPP for such this assurance which he declined to grant and thus Mrs Pretty applied for judicial review of that refusal.The Queens Bench Divisional lawcourt upheld the Directors decision on grounds that the Director did not hold the big businessman to grant what was sought. The House of Lords affirmed that outline Lord Hobhouse of Woodborough commenting thatthe undertaking wh ich the appellant requested was not one which the Director as the holder of a statutory office had the authority or power to give and it would have been improper for him to give the undertaking whatever the merits of the appellants solicitors arguments2.This conclusion was reached on the basis of the legal framework which applies to the DPP and not on the basis of the Suicide Act.Suicide was once a felony in England, that offended against both God and the Kings interest in the life of his citizens3. In modern time society has recognised that the suicidal person should not be condemned as a malefactor, but to be regarded with compassion. While the natural instinct is usually to throttle living, where a suicidal motive is born of a desire to be freed from incurable or intolerable illness and twinge it is not vexed to empathise what has brought a person to arrive at that decision.It has been observed that In the 19th and 20th centuries two very important changes occurred in our s ociety the development of the free-hearted attitude, where the individual wants the sort outeousness to self determination in his life and the development of medical science, which has made it possible to prolong life considerably. However, for some patients a issuance of this is that distraint is prolonged and medical science has brought them far beyond the point where they normally would have tumbled4.McCall-Smith has described how personal autonomy is a fantasy that has been thirstily grasped, and understood to mean that the individual was entitled to make all the relevant choices himself and to reject, if necessary, the vision of others for his personal life5. Clearly, in the present context of individuals wishing service to their suicide this features sloshedly, and there is to be found running through it a general theme asserting the skillful of the claimant to determine their own fate.Suicide has not been a crime in England for almost fifty forms6, but the Act th at brought this about also placed on a statutory footing the discourtesy of aiding and abetting a suicide. Mrs Pretty did not disclose the pro determined method by which her husband was to help her die, but instead died of natural causes in 2002. Likely it shall never be known if she was really to be an active participant in the event, or if she wished her husband to perform a mercy violent death, for which there is no separate criminal offence and, as euthanasia, would have constituted her murder her consent being irrelevant to the offence.Irrespective of the merits of the judgment in Pretty, it is notable that the Lords foray into the vault of heaven of mercy shooting and aid suicide was a purely academic exercise. Lord Hobhouse pointed out that the DPP did not have the capacity to grant the request that Mrs Pretty sought. Further to this, Brown has explained thatif what a litigant seeks cannot competently be done in terms of radical legislation, it does not matter how comp elling an argument is presented in support of the proposition that it should be done. The litigant cannot succeed and consideration beyond that basic question of competence is necessary only in order to block a further hearing in the event of the decision on competence being overturned on appeal7.Despite the unorthodox, and it moldiness be noted hopeless, request that was made in Pretty, the case has immediate relevance to the euthanasia and assisted suicide debate as a whole. Had Mrs Pretty been successful, it is alone foreseeable that others in a similar role to her would begin to request that their limit be permitted to either despatch them personally, or at least assist in the doing so.Pro-choice groups and leading academic writers maintain that, to be ethical, any activity constituting PAS and especially euthanasia must be at the voluntary abettal of the patient8, and expressage as to whom it is available to. The requestmust come from one who is either subject to intolera ble pain or disability or who is twinge from an illness which is diagnosed as terminal9Glover adds thatif assisted suicide is possible, it is always to be preferred to voluntary euthanasia. If we know that a person himself knowingly took a mortal(a) pill, there is by comparison with euthanasia little ambiguity about the nature of his decision10.In saying that, Glover illustrated the vast ethical divide between allowing a person the autonomy to determine their own future by their own consummations, and the dubious position of a secondary party taking that action for them. A United States Court of Appeal, although later overturned by the US Supreme Court, nevertheless had a valid point on lordliness in its summing up of a 1996 casewhen patients are no longer able to attend liberty or happiness and do not wish to pursue life, the states interest in forcing them to carry on alive is less compelling. A mentally competent, terminally ill adult, having lived nearly the full measure o f his life, has a strong liberty interest in choosing a dignified and humane death rather than being reduced to a child like state of helplessness, diapered, sedated, incompetent How a person dies not only determines the nature of the final period of his existence, but in many cases, the enduring memories held by those who love him11.Speaking of what is soon legal in every common law jurisdiction, that of the refusal of discussion, McCall-Smith observed how it is not difficult to conceive of a situation in which a person is suffering so much that notes that death would be a welcome release, and whitethorn in those circumstances be m literally acceptable12. The problem for the pro choice advocate is that there is an ethical gap between what is presently illegal, that of assisting a person to a dignified end, and what can be done which is merely limited to the provision of pain relief or respecting a persons wishes to refuse treatment, but for some the gap is ethically indefensiblea dvocates of death with dignity are not fully satisfied with the options currently available to dying patients each option usually entails some period of lingering in a highly deliberated or helpless state and, therefore, offends the dignity these advocates are liveliness on preserving13.Opponents to the introduction of PAS offer a number of frequently cited issues to support their cause, and primary among these is that assisting a person to die is the very opposite role to that which the physician ought to pursue, and that the Hippocratic Oath states I will neither give a deadly drug to anybody if asked for it, not will I make a proposeion to this effect.To this Weir quickly retorts essentially that a doctors duties to the patient are more than than merely the job of healing, and where healing cannot be achieved indeed the relief of suffering is still an important duty, even if for that small minority of patients this means help in legal transfer about death14.A further object ion runs along the lines that the doctor-patient relationship would lose the trust it currently enjoys if patients thought their doctor might suggest something more sinister than a curing or caring course of action. Perhaps on this count some factions could be accused of scare-mongering. The vehement opponents of any doctor involvement with death include a world-shaking proportion of religious groups prone to stirring up emotive feelings with words such as killing, executing, culling. With suggestions of death squads visiting hospices to kill people who are no longer an asset to society, it is not hard to imagine they would have people believe a society that permitted euthanasia might eventually degenerate to that seen in the science fiction movie Logans Run15, where people are routinely kill upon reaching a certain age. The only conclusion one can reach is that either people are confused and failing to recognise the essential voluntary aspect of PAS or that they are deliberately fuzzing the boundaries to present physician assisted suicide as if it were physician initiated murder.Ethics and LifeThe sanctity of life is a phrase wielded like a sword by opponents of PAS, as if to justify an impenetrable veto on the practice. This in contrast to respect for life, which is dissolvedly something everybody ought to have, but is quite a separate principle and not one in conflict with responsible and regulated PAS. Sanctity of life is a religious value. To thisthe British Humanist Association suggested that sanctity of life was not a principle on which legal structures should be based, since it depended on a religious prospect which not everyone shared. They suggested that it is particularly hurtful to require someone who does not believe in God or afterlife to suffer intolerable pain or indignity in deference to a God or afterlife he does not accept16.However, perhaps the most frequently cited reason against the legalisation of PAS17 is the joust that its practi ce would have a disproportionate force on the vulnerable18. Annas has claimed that such groups would encompass the poor, the elderly, women and minorities19, a common theme across the writing on this subject. Lindsay identifies two prerequisites that he claims must apply before the disparate impact argument can carry any weight.First, one must believe that it is proper to deny assisted suicide to those competent persons who truly voluntarily choose it, including persons who are members of vulnerable the groups in question, in order to protect others against being pressured into assisted suicide. Second, one must believe that it somehow makes a difference for the wisdom of legalising assisted suicide whether proportionally more blacks than whites, more women than men, more elderly than immature and so on would likely be pressured into choosing assisted suicide20.Lindsay suggests a solution to this quandarywhat if we imposed stringent quotas on assisted suicide so that no woman woul d be eligible for assisted suicide unless and until the proportion of men seeking assisted suicide from that particular hospital/hospice in that year was equivalent to the percentage of women seeking assisted suicide? Similar restrictions could be imposed for other so-called vulnerable groups blacks, the elderly, the disabled, the poor. Quotas would eliminate any disparate impact and, therefore, appear to provide the solution to those carry oned about equalization of risk21.Of course, it would be farcical to seriously consider a quota system, but by thrust fun at the argument in this way Lindsay exposes its underlying flaw that it would be preposterous to permit a practice of PAS that would allow anyone to come under pressure into using it. Lindsey suggests that the disparate impact argument is either a smoke screen for the sanctity-of-life family of arguments against assisted suicide22 and Glover is at best sceptical of the concept of abuse of the vulnerable, asking is there any evidence of such pressure in a country where voluntary euthanasia is not illegal?23.It is of considerable significance that in the US State of Oregon, alone in its introduction of a Death with Dignity Act, there has been no rush to take proceeds of it. In its first year, 1998, 23 people requested it and of these 15 actually used it24.Under the Death with Dignity Act the patient seeking PAS mustBe terminally ill with less than six months to live25Not be labouring under depression or other mental illness26Make an oral request and a written request, and reiterate the oral request to his or her attending physician no less than fifteen days after make the initial oral request27Convince two physicians that s/he is sincere, acting voluntarily and not on a whim28The lead researcher in a study of PAS in Oregon found that educational level and social status bore no effect in determining who sought help in dying, but what did motivate those who chose this route was very different to that th e opponents of assisted suicide would have us believe. The two most recurring reasons were concern about loss of autonomy and loss of control over bodily functions. These factors featured most strongly among those patients who had lead an independent life29.By the close of 2000, with 3 years worth of records, the results in Oregon were positive, and that the predicted abuse spectacularly failed to manifest itself was conspicuous. Robinson cites the statistics for 2000 as being that 27 individuals ended their life using PAS and the average use per head of population in that time remained at six to nine per 10,000 deaths30. Significantly, a provision in the Oregon legislation31 criminalising the alteration or forging of a request for PAS, or interfering with a patients rescindment of it, appears to have never yet been invoked.AbuseTo request that a doctors assist one to die is not normally a decision a person would take lightly, and that there are doctors who would take advantage of any provisions that might be introduced cannot be denied. While Dr Shipman was certainly exceptional in his lust for killing, he is not alone in being suspected to abuse his position and resources. Oregon has been successful, but no system for regulating PAS can be thought of as foolproof, and for some, any risk of abuse at all is adequate reason to reject the entire proposal32. However, this is not an attitude that is mirrored in other areas of law.There are an immeasurable number of activities sanctioned by the law that pose very great risks to the participants, a risk that is taken for far less compelling reasons than can be advanced in support of PAS boxing and pot being the archetypical paragons. Furthermore, a member of the Sikh religion, whilst wearing a turban, is exempt from being required to wear a crash helmet whilst riding a motorcycle33, clearly an instance of a huge risk to the individuals life being outweighed by the need to respect that individuals beliefs.Arguably, it cannot only be that a second person is involved with assisting a suicide that makes it so offensive to the criminal law. A mans peer could proviso him with all the cigarettes he ever smokes without any worry of legal liability when that man dies of the resultant cancer. Suicide and smoking are both legal activities and the significant variable between the two is time. Assisted suicide usually brings about the death very quickly, whereas it will normally take many years for the smoking car to perish. The irony is that PAS would not be desired by anyone facing the choice if it were not a swift exit from the unbearable existence they toil under. astray acknowledged to be unavoidable, the principle of double effect is a doctrine that distinguishes between the consequences a person intends and those that are un mean but foreseen34. Williams continues that in a medical context it is usually relied on when a doctor foresees that due to the doctors action a patient may die, although t hat is not his intention35. The opinion of the law is stated by Ognall J in Cox, in thatif a doctor believes that a certain course is beneficial to his patient, either therapeutically or analgesically, then even though he recognises that that course carries with it a risk to life, he is fully entitled, nonetheless, to pursue it. If in those circumstances the patient dies, nobody could possible suggest that in that situation the doctor was guilty of murder or attempted murder but what can never be lawful is the use of drugs with the primary purpose of hastening the moment of death36. His Honour further added that a doctors duty is to alleviate suffering for so long as the patient survives but he must never kill in order to achieve relief from suffering37.It is immediately apparent that the principle of double effect allows a situation to arise whereby the doctor may directly cause death and yet not suffer any legal liability as a result. Questions of intention naturally follow, and d espite the late clarification that where an event is virtual certain38 to occur then the jury are entitled to find that the actor intended it to do so, Ashworth implies that the jury are equally entitled not to find intention39. That the jury may have laboured not to find intention, one can speculate in cases such as Adams and Carr40.Alternatively, there also exists a unique condition that doctors are not normally presumed to intend all the foreseen consequences of their actions41. Williams notes that there is no evidence that this laying claim is applied other than in the medical context using the principle of double effect is seen to provide a justification for doctors behaviour42. Williams also observes that providing medicament to control pain has always been a legitimate and lawful way of fulfilling the doctors duty even if there is a chance of death. but it has been accused of being a smoke-screen and a fig-leaf for euthanasia43. Such is the strength of the double effect do ctrine that Wells has suggested that had Dr Cox used pain killing medication (instead of potassium chloride, for which there is no known therapeutic property in the dose administered by Dr. Cox) then he would have been found not guilty if the results were the same, and regardless of his intent44.It will be recalled that Mrs Pretty was not asking for a doctor to be involved with her death, she was asking for her husband to be granted immunity from quest should he assist her to die. This is no small request, and it was accepted by her counsel that, apart from the ECHR rights, she could not succeed. Mrs pretty claimed that the DPPs decision breached the Human Rights Act 1998 and her argument rested on the provisions of the Convention at Art.3, the right not to suffer degrading and inhuman treatment, Art.2, the right to life and Art.8, the right to physical honor and privacy.The position of the law in this country had already been tested for its impact on human rights long before Mrs Pretty would even have acquire ill with motor neurone disease. In 1983 the Commission considered45 whether s.2 of the Suicide Act 1961 violated either the right to privacy at Art.8 or freedom of expression in Art.10 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. The outcome of that case was that aiding, abetting, counselling or procuring suicide were excluded from the concept of privacy by virtue of their trespass on the public interest of protecting life46.While Mrs Pretty argued that Article 2 of the ECHR, when read with Articles 1 and 2 of Protocol 6 guaranteed her a right to choose whether or not to live, Kennedy and Grubb suggest exactly the opposite. For Kennedy and Grubb, it could be argued that to permit assisting suicide (or euthanasia) infringes Article 2 regardless of the patients consent47. In taking this last mentioned stance both the Strasbourg Court and the House of Lords emphasised that the purpose of Article 2 is to protect life. Lo rd Steyn went further by saying that the Article provides a guarantee that no individual shall be deprived of life by means of intentional human intervention48. His Lordship did not stop there, but blotted out any precariousness that may have remained by stating that nothing in the Article or in the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights can assist Mrs Prettys case on this Article49.The Strasbourg Court made it abundantly clear that the exceptions detailed in Art.2 are exhaustive by sayingits sets out the limited circumstances when deprivation of life may be justified and the first sentence of Art.2 enjoins the State not only to intermit from the intentional and unlawful taking of life but also to take appropriate steps to safeguard the lives of those within its jurisdiction This obligation extends beyond a primary duty to secure the right to life by putting in place effective criminal law provisions to deter the military mission of offences against the person backe d up by law enforcement machinery for the prevention, suppression and sanctioning of breaches of such provisions50.The conclusion is that Art.2, said the Court, cannot, without distortion of language, be interpreted as conferring the diametrically opposite right, namely a right to die51.The claim by Mrs Pretty that the suffering she faced qualified as degrading treatment under Art.3 and that the Government had a positive obligation to take steps to protect her from that suffering was rejected because as has been noted, the suffering of an incurable patient cannot be considered as an inhuman or degrading treatment attributable to the State52. So despite an inspired attempt, this head of claim was regarded as irrelevant by the entire judiciary involved who considered that Art.3 was not engaged at all.Art.8 was the only grounds that the Strasbourg Court was prepared to accept that preventing the applicant from exercising choice to avoid indignity and distress constituted an interferenc e with the right to respect for private life guaranteed under Article 8.1, but it found against Mrs Pretty on Article 8.2 issues. The European Court53 adopted the position of Lord Hope on Art.8, insomuch as the way she passes the closing moments of her life is part of the act of living and she has a right to ask that this too must be respected54. Even with this concession, his Lordship held that this did not imply a positive obligation to allow assisted suicide.Art.9 was also push aside by both courts because Mrs Prettys belief in the notion of assisted suicide did not involve a form of manifestation of a religion or belief through worship, teaching, practice or observance thus there was no breach. This opinion echoes the stance of the House of Lords Select delegation of almost a decade previously when they saidwe gave much thought to Professor Dworkins opinion that, for those without religious belief, the individual is best able to decide what manner of death is fitting to the lif e which has been lived. Ultimately, however, we do not believe that these arguments are sufficient reason to weaken societys prohibition of intended killing55.Art.14, prohibiting discrimination, was Mrs Prettys final line of attack but this too failed because although suicide is no longer a crime, there is no right to commit it, as Lord Hope was at pains to distinguish56, and as was an influential factor in the recent failure of Lord Joffees Assisted Dying for the Terminally Ill Bill.Irrespective of why this is maintained a complete prohibition on PAS, the current law is still an affront to many people, including many doctors. As is demonstrated at regular intervals in the courts, in practice by providing the necessary care required to terminal patients, doctors are routinely crossing into the territory of the criminal law and thereby forced to rely on the legal fiction of double effect57.It surely cannot be that the surreptitious circumvention of the criminal law by doctors, or th e repeated occurrence of jury-equity is an acceptable long term situation but neither is the incessant suffering of a patient who simply wishes it to be over, yet is unable to make their own way out without help.Public support for a change in the law is difficult to ascertain and opinion polls should surely not be trusted, for time and again they prove unreliable. In the UK, Mason et al comment that the public can appear confused58. Perhaps the (unfounded?) fear of abuse is what has driven the overwhelming majority of Americans to reject PAS, Oregon excepted.It is unfortunate, and doubtless fatal to any present attempts to experience PAS in the UK, that the Dutch have experienced poor compliance with their own regulations. Mason et al point to the widespread disregard for the legal requirements regarding euthanasia in the Netherlands59. They actually suggest that It appears that euthanasia has been practised in many cases without the consent of the patient60.If euthanasia is taking place without strict adherence to the formal regulations then its exercise will inevitably become more trivial until what matters is not the grounds for wanting to die, but the want itself61, and suddenly we are into the territory of dowry the depressed to die62. As noted above, what might have been considered an inconceivable next step is already being taken, where the doctor himself makes the decision and from this point there stay only one further sinister step before we find ourselves, figuratively, knocking on the door of Dr Shipman.There can be no doubt that Pretty does leave any uncertainty. Seven judges of the European Court of Human Rights, five Lords of Appeal and three judges in the Divisional Court all held without hint of dissent that the Convention does not require States to render lawful euthanasia or assisted suicide. It would be quite improper to suggest that Pretty was wrong. The European Court was not there to remedy what Liberty perceived to be a defect in the law but had a responsibility to determine the law as it is.Lord Joffees Bill failed, but he is presently trying again in a revise form. McCall-Smith regards this as properly a matter for legislators rather than judges63. However, in the absence of any parliamentary reform then the law will remain as it is, and the doctor faced with a patient in extremis and asking to die will have to resort to the double speak of purporting to relieve pain while bringing about death, making sure that the agent bringing about the death is one recognised by other doctors as a pain-reliever64.